Have you ever heard the old adage 'Freedom isn't always free?' Although most of the fight is a blur with patches of vivid images Amir's body being hurled against the wall, his jaw shattering, his ribs breaking the end is perfectly clear. If you don't see it, please check your spam folder. Thus, kites also symbolize the thematic topics and interrelationship between betrayal and redemption. As they drove away, Amir passed out. What Are Russet Mites? He overpowers the other kids in the neighborhood with his brass knuckles. Both Hassan and Sohrab use a slingshot to stop Assef, although Hassan only has to threaten to use his, and Sohrab actually inflicts pain. The shock hits Amir the Talib is Assef. For Amir, the situation means he can now intervene in Hassans rape, at least symbolically, by saving Sohrab from further sexual abuse. The two main kite fights in the novel the tournament Amir wins and the one at the end of the book not only also represent Amir and Hassan but also symbolize the juxtaposition of roles, for at the end Amir has become the kite runner. Sohrab enters the narrative as the part of Hassan that lives on, the new son figure of the book, and for Amir he is a stand-in for Hassan himself and a chance for Amir to redeem himself. Hassan, on the other hand, represented the poor and oppressed part of Afghanistan. In this context, Amir and Hassan act as the different sides of their countrythe rich and poor, Sunni and Shia, Pashtun and Hazara, powerful and powerlesswho are nonetheless still children of the same father. The reference to the Mazar-i-Sharif massacre is another important historical aspect of The Kite Runner. Instant PDF downloads. Tell us, you slant eyed donkey!'' Assef hides this side of himself from Amir's father, who is a. Release Calendar Top 250 Movies Most Popular Movies Browse Movies by Genre Top Box Office Showtimes & Tickets Movie News India Movie Spotlight. I promise.. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs It was liberating. From Pakistan, they emigrate to the United States. Sohrab's actions demonstrate an extreme courage for a young, exploited servant. With our Essay Lab, you can create a customized outline within seconds to get started on your essay right away. He says he began to laugh as a guard kicked him because it ended the pain he suffered from his kidney stone. But Amir is now in a position to stop this. He takes a stand against this domination, and in doing so he is left with a split upper lip, recalling Hassans cleft lip. As Sohrab is an extension of Hassan, it as if Assef is raping Hassan all over again by sexually abusing his son. But Hassans threat is also carried out vicariously through Sohrab, who shoots out Assefs eye as he saves Amir with his slingshot. Renew your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools. Summary and Analysis Come on, Babalu, give us a smile!'' or ''Hey, you flat nosed Babalu, who did you eat today? Both Hassan and Sohrab use a slingshot to stop Assef, although Hassan only has to threaten to use his, and Sohrab actually inflicts pain. As Assef rolled on the floor in pain, Sohrab helped Amir to the car. In his note, Rahim Khan says he knew everything that happened with Hassan. He would give Amir Sohrab, if Amir fought him, this was his revenge for that day so long ago. Dont have an account? Certain images begin to recur from Amir and Assefs past, like the slingshot and laughing while being beaten. The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini explores the theme of freedom through characters who are native Afghans, but who are forced flee to the United States during the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Let us know your assignment type and we'll make sure to get you exactly the kind of answer you need. Get Annual Plans at a discount when you buy 2 or more! Removing #book# 110 lessons The fact that he did not run is whats important, and as Amir says, in a way he welcomes the beating. Why does Amir sometimes treat Hassan badly in childhood? Two bits of foreshadowing one indirect and one direct take place during this waiting period. These prophetic words are uttered at the beginning of the book by Assef, Hassan's attacker. In fact, the parallels between Hassan and Sohrab are so numerous that the reader could treat the two as one character, which is important and necessary for Amirs narrative arc. In The Kite Runner the novel begins with flashbacks. That line, spoken by Hassan in Chapter 5, also prepares the readers for Sohrab's actions with his own slingshot. While waiting for the Talib, Amir attempts to gather his thoughts and draw on a sense of courage that he has never before exhibited in his life. When Rahim Khan, Baba's business partner, contacts Amir and asks him to return to the Middle East to see him, Amir sees the opportunity to break free from some of it. After the guards leave, Assef brings out his brass knuckles. In The Kite Runner, what is the significance of the ironyin the first story of Amir? Both Amir and Assef are Pashtuns from wealthy, well-connected families, and they shared similar upbringings. Hassan refuses. She has a Master of Education degree. Sohrab is Hassan and Farzana's, son. Also, he is the main bait which Rahim Khan uses to get Amir back to the Middle East. Rahim Khan explains that Hassan has been killed by the Taliban, but before he died, he wrote Amir a letter. And the heroes of Afghan and Middle Eastern cultures are shared by those of differing beliefs and socioeconomic conditions. Assef acts as a sort of foil to Amir, in that both were raised with wealth and privilege. Subscribe now. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Freedom comes in many forms and often has a price tag. We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. With open arms. He put his hand where his left eye had been just a moment ago. What is the significance of Alis first wife? Although Hassan does not have to shoot, only make the threat, Sohrab does blind Assef with his shot . He wakes up and discovers he is in the hospital in Peshawar. Kites and everything associated with them (kite flying and kite fighting) are the most important symbols in the novel. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. Assef voices the view of the Taliban, which is that their personal religious beliefs are correct and the dissenting beliefs of others are wrong. The socially powerless character (Hassan/Sohrab) protects the socially more powerful character in an act that dangerously transgresses social boundaries. The guards make Sohrab dance until the Taliban official orders them to leave. He is also an ethnic Hazara. Want 100 or more? Many critics object to both father and son Hassan and Sohrab suffering sexual abuse at the hands of the same perpetrator. 26 years later, Sohrabalso used the slingshot to injure Assef. From Fort Vancouver Yellow Pear to Santa Anna, these, Protect Your Garden Against Leaf Issues with Organic Solutions and Preventative Practices, Leaf issues in the garden can be caused by a variety of factors, from pests to environmental conditions. Yet Amir finds strength, comfort, and calm in thoughts of Soraya. Hassan and Sohrabare able to do the right thing, despite the likely consequences. You Are One Click Away From Getting Your Work Done, "The Kite Runner" Shows Us That We Can Never Escape Our Past. Amirs laughter establishes a significant parallel between Amir and Assef. He would wag his finger and wave us down from the tree. Assef says he is on a mission to rid Afghanistan of garbage. Assef reminds Amir of their unfinished business from their childhood, and then calls the guards back into the room. Assef represents the violent, abusive part of Afghanistan, and Amir (as his young, cowardly self) the ones with power who stood by as the powerful raped the powerless. He returns to Afghanistan where he learns that Hassan has been killed, but has left him a letter that expresses his wish for his son to live free. "I had one last chance to make a decision. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. Sohrabs attire and demeanor make it clear that he has been sexually abused by the Taliban official and possibly others. Assef loves the term "ethnic cleansing," which unmistakably relates the actions of the Taliban within the context of other global monstrosities. His speaking out against Assef and the Taliban is reminiscent of Hassan referring to Assef as "One-Eyed Assef." Start your 48-hour free trial to get access to more than 30,000 additional guides and more than 350,000 Homework Help questions answered by our experts. By signing up you agree to our terms and privacy policy. Of course, it is extremely difficult, and that is why these steps can be considered steps into manhood. Amir as a foil to Assef becomes more clear as he acts out the story Assef just told, about laughing while being beaten. Assef claims that Amir is allowed to take the boy but not for free Amir needs to earn him. Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. As he holds the boy between his legs and rubs his belly, the Talib asks Amir about Babalu. Then he is a sex slave to Assef until Amir rescues him. The racial oppression of Hazaras returns as a theme, and the official references the massacre of Hazara citizens in the city of Mazar-i-Sharif. Before he challenges Amir to a fight, Assef tells a story about the time he was imprisoned. The first time he corners Amir and Hassan, Hassan saves them with his slingshot. Why does Amir accept Soraya even after she tells him of her past? But I can take you . They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. -Graham S. Assef joined the Taliban because they gave him free reign to indulge his sadistic tendencies. You'll be billed after your free trial ends. We understand that he didnt want to hurt Amir, it was just the way to show that gave up. Ace your assignments with our guide to The Kite Runner! Baba and General Taheri want nothing more than to return to the life they knew before the monarchy was overthrown. Create an account to start this course today. Representing the idea of an eye for an eye, Assef gets what he deserves. He is as well very perceptive. That's not the case. (one code per order). Renew your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools. Even in America, Amir feels imprisoned by his guilt and wishes to be free of his shame. After his parents are murdered, he stays in an orphanage in Karteh-Seh. Assef commands them to not enter the room no matter what they hear and tells them that if Amir manages to walk out of the room, he has earned his freedom. It is the reason he feels relief and a sense of healing as Assef beats him, and why he begins laughing. Why does Amir ask Baba if he has seen Amirs new watch? Aj, Growing Tom Wagner's Varieties of Tomatoes: A Gardener's Guide With Tips & Advice, Tom Wagner is a renowned horticulturist who has created several varieties of tomatoes, including the popular "Fort Vancouver Yellow Pear", "Pennsylvania Catchfly", "Santa Anna" and "Sunspot". Then Assef lunges at Sohrab, and Sohrab fires the slingshot into Assef's left eye. Please wait while we process your payment. In addition to their breathtaking physical similarities, both characters are born and raised in the same hut, both are sexually abused by the same man, both kite-run with Amir, and both carry a slingshot. Both shooters are protecting the same person: Amir. But not the next generation the third round of betrayal and abuse is too much. Get Annual Plans at a discount when you buy 2 or more! Sometimes it can end up there. Previous In a confrontation with Assef years earlier, Hassan had threatened to shoot Assefs eye out. Amir calls it ethnic cleansing and says he wants Sohrab. Assef and his gang demand Hassan give him the blue kite he has retrieved for Amir. As Rahim Khan put it, it is his way to be good again. Assef tells the guards that if Amir exits the room alive, he has earned the right to leave. When Soraya is unable to become pregnant, Amir feels he is being punished. (one code per order). That line, spoken by Hassan in Chapter 5, also prepares the readers for Sohrab's actions with his own slingshot. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. We only meet Sohrab at the very end of the novel so there's not much room for Hosseini to develop this character. and any corresponding bookmarks? Others recognize the similarities but are dismissive of claims that the similarities make the event a Biblical allusion. He's also fairly perceptive for someone so young. Here we discuss some of the most popular early sweet pepper varieties, their characteristics, and how they fare in different climates. Contact us No more rockets, no more killing, no more funerals!" But he just turned off the radio and asked if he could get me anything before he went to bed. Amir knocks on the door, is greeted and frisked by two guards, and is then escorted in. Sohrab, I cant give you your old life back, I wish to God I could. The meeting with the Talib in the John Lennon glasses commences in silence, and then the man tells Amir he can do away with the fake beard. Yet the bizarre coincidence also creates a situation in which Amir is able to confront the same scenario that was the source of his guilt more than twenty years earlier. to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. Why doesnt Amir help Hassan in the alley? Amir discovers that the way to free himself from guilt is to free Sohrab from his imprisonment in Afghanistan. In Chapter 22, Amir has a showdown with Assef that culminates in a fight . Then Assef was screaming. In The Kite Runner, does Ali know that Hassan is not his son? Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. Assef is a dangerous sociopath that lives in the town of Kabul. -Graham S. The timeline below shows where the character Sohrab appears in, health, and the two became close. And he was deadly with his slingshot. What does each action represent and what is the difference between them?" eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. From the way Assef touches Sohrab and what he says to Amir, Amir has no doubt at this point that Assef has been sexually abusing Sohrab. Sohrab told Assef to stop and held up his slingshot, and when Assef lunged at him, Sohrab fired, hitting him in the left eye. He tells Amir he was once imprisoned, and one evening a guard began kicking him until the blows dislodged a kidney stone that had been causing him severe pain. He then brags about a door-to-door display of violence from 1998, calling it God's work. Save over 50% with a SparkNotes PLUS Annual Plan! - He feels he betrayed Baba by being born - His mother died in childbirth/ Baba cherished his wife more then anything - To redeem himself, he tries to be like Baba/ make him proud. Once, when Amir tells that he cant take Sohrab with him and the last will go to the orphanage again, Sohrab wants to commit suicide. Hosseini does tell us, however, just how much Sohrab resembles Hassan. to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. We believe Sohrab is not trying to hurt Amir he's just given up. Accessed 5 Mar. The result is a break in the friendship and brotherhood of Hassan and Amir that takes place on dishonest and dishonorable terms. You'll be billed after your free trial ends. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. I could step into that alley, stand up for Hassanthe way hed stepped up for me all those times in the pastand accept whatever would happen to me. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. When Amir finally meets Sohrab, he says "[t]he resemblance [to Hassan] was breathtaking" (22.49). Amirs fight with Assef becomes the climax of the novel. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. What are Ali and Hassan's distinct physical characteristics? Russet mites are a type of pest that can cause damage to leaves, stems, and petioles. From Pakistan, they emigrate to the United States . Please wait while we process your payment. What does change is Amir's character. As when he says Hassan being raped, Amirs memory starts to jump around and the narrative breaks up, emphasizing the trauma of the event. Tom Wagner's varieties of tomatoes have been a hit among gardeners for years. 2016, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/kite-runner-hasaan-used-his-slingshot-against-665930. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. Refine any search. In each case, Amir is rescued from Assef. While Amir can't save Hassan, and he discovers their relation too late, he can save Sohrab from the hands of Assef. - But he is nothing like Baba/ his strengths aren't valued by Baba 'I was going to win, and I was going to run that last kite. In the second slingshot episode, Sohrab's courage is supplemented by Amir's courage (or, vice versa, Amir's courage is supplemented by Sohrab's courage). Now, Assef has his revenge against Amir. This means that for Hassan and Sohrab the act of using the slingshot (or threatening to use it) functions as a rebellion against the social structure. While they are safe from war in America, their freedom comes with a significant drop in financial security and social status. Hassan wants for his son what all parents want for their children, but under Taliban rule, these things will not be possible. The speed of the scene not only indicates the quickness of the battle but also emphasizes that this event is not the focal point of the narrative. He asks Amir if he is scared, and Amir admits he is. He was the illegitimate boy whom Baba wanted to love but could never love publicly. Why did Baba lie about Hassan being his son? SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. All the atrocities of the Taliban seem to coalesce in this one figure, who is remorseless and even pleased by the murders he has committed. Take the Analysis of Major Characters Quick Quiz. Baba owned several businesses in Afghanistan. TO CANCEL YOUR SUBSCRIPTION AND AVOID BEING CHARGED, YOU MUST CANCEL BEFORE THE END OF THE FREE TRIAL PERIOD. Amir is unable to explain to Assef that for the first time since 1975 he feels at peace: Although his body is broken, he feels healed. One time was in the kidney, Assef passed the stone, and he began to laugh. This boy has a lot of had situations, and only they lead him to be the boy he is now. However, Sohrab diverges from his father in that the dark aftermath of his sexual abuse is described. Assef threatens Sohrab as the boy continues to ask him to stop hurting Amir. Why does Amir ask Baba if he has seen Amirs new watch? Chapter 22. Read more about the search for redemption as a theme. Chapter 16 Quotes "The war is over, Hassan," I said. Believing that he is dirty and full of sin, Sohrab flinches at Amirs touch and retreats into himself, fists buried in his armpits. He attempts suicide when he believes Amir will abandon him, an act that ultimately acts as a catalyst for a renewal of Amirs faith as he begs Allah to save Sohrab in the hospital. In The Kite Runner, what is the significance of the scar that Amir develops as a result of the confrontation? "In The Kite Runner, Hasaan used his slingshot against Assef. The official asks Amir if he enjoyed the show at the stadium. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. Summary: Chapter 23 The Kite As the trophy of the kite-flying tournament, the kite can explain the unique characteristics of each individual in relation to itself, so its symbol takes on a dual meaning-one for Amir and one for Hassan. Farid took Amir to a hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. In the middle of the night, Amir and Baba leave on a truck to Peshawar, Pakiston. Hassan then raises his. But the things the author tells us, give a lot of interesting information. Amir is not trying to win the fight, but only to not run away, and to redeem himself by getting the punishment he feels he deserves. They may be socially powerless, but they are morally powerful. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. Why does Amir want Hassan to leave Babas household? By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. Discount, Discount Code Symptoms include bronzing on stems and petioles, curling and drying up of leave, This website uses cookies for functionality, analytics and advertising purposes as described in our. Like Hassan, Sohrab is a whiz with a slingshot. According to Amir, they are ''On to freedom. All rights reserved. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. The general ''kept his family on welfare and had never held a job in the U.S., preferring to cash government-issued checks than degrading himself with work unsuitable for a man of his stature'' For General Taheri, the freedom to return to the life and job he once had is his focus. I feel like its a lifeline. If you don't see it, please check your spam folder. (including. Amir now has his own "harelip" and is physically like his half-brother. Hassan never gets to a point where he gives in to defeat, even though he, too, is raped and betrayed.It's possible Hosseini wants to show us, through Sohrab, that a country can only take so much brutality. Rather, it is just another step on Amir's journey toward maturity. He would take the mirror and tell us what his mother had told him, that the devil shone mirrors too, shone them to distract Muslims during prayer. When Amir finally meets Sohrab, he says "[t]he resemblance [to Hassan] was breathtaking" (22.49). | 2 Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. Teachers and parents! Amir and Soraya bring Sohrab to the United States and adopt him. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. When Amir and Baba flee Afghanistan and emigrate to the U.S., again, freedom and safety come at a cost. "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." Then I turned and ran. LitCharts Teacher Editions. Assef is screaming in pain as Amir and Sohrab exit, moving toward the waiting Farid. You may even think that he wants to have revenge on Amir, but no, he truly loves the only close person he has. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. The next morning, Amir gives Farid the names of the American couple that runs the orphanage. What happens between them, Assef, Amir, and Hassan? That was what I was coming in the bathroom to tell you. He's also fairly perceptive for someone so young. The Afghan kites with their glass strings symbolize the dichotomy between beauty and violence, simultaneously representing Afghanistan and the half-brothers, Amir and Hassan. 2023 Course Hero, Inc. All rights reserved. Create your account. Assef replies that money is irrelevant and not why he joined the Taliban. Sohrab and Amir ran out of the house to where Farid waited with the car. The character of Sohrab, who does not know who his father is, who becomes Hassan's favorite hero, and who meets an untimely death, symbolizes Hassan. Hosseini does tell us, however, just how much Sohrab resembles Hassan. Already a member? Chapter 25 Quotes. Representing two generations, the slingshot symbolizes both childhood as well as the need to stand up for what is right. The tree not only symbolizes a unifying force between Amir and Hassan but also serves as a source of division. The slingshot in the hands of two generationsHassan and then Sohrabis used to attack the same enemy, Assef. According to Amir, they are ''On to freedom. WOF 290: Bishop Barron Presents: Sohrab Ahmari (Podcast Episode 2021) Quotes on IMDb: Memorable quotes and exchanges from movies, TV series and more. The only way to fight with it is to act like Sohrab in reference to Assef. A blur of images followed: a woman named Aisha, a man with the mustache, someone he recognizes. You may cancel your subscription on your Subscription and Billing page or contact Customer Support at custserv@bn.com. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Contact us Discount, Discount Code Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. In some ways, he is contrasted with Hassan, but in reality, he is the main person to whom everything, all those awful situations were leaded. Tom Wagner's Varieties: A Gardener's Guide Dont have an account? Also, he is the main bait which Rahim Khan uses to get Amir back to the Middle East. Why does Amir accept Soraya even after she tells him of her past? Because when spring comes, it melts the snow one flake at a time, and maybe I just witnessed the first flake melting. Shoving Sohrab forward, Assef says he and Amir have unfinished business. Complete your free account to request a guide. Amir wants Hassan to hit him with the pomegranate fruit in order to inflict a physical punishment and lessen his guilt; instead, Hassan breaks the fruit over his own head. Both Assef and Amir look at Sohrab and notice that he has a slingshot aimed at Assef's face. Sohrab told Assef to stop and held up his slingshot, and when Assef lunged at him, Sohrab fired, hitting him in the left eye. He takes, finds an Afghan kite seller and buys a kite, and he takes it over to, Behind them people cheer for their victory, and the tiniest smile appears on, Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. The cruelty people feel have no boundaries. I am doing a paper and part of it is symbolizim. If someone were to ask me today whether the story of Hassan, Sohrab, and me ends with happiness, I wouldnt know what to say. For Amir it is a symbol of his sacrifice, and it signifies the union of Afghanistans two halves. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. What does the symbolism of Hassan's slingshot bring to The Kite Runner? The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. Then Assef puts on a pair of brass knuckles. When Amir tries to explain to Sohrab why Baba didn't admit that he fathered Hassan, Sohrab catches right on: "Because [Hassan] was a Hazara?" Assef tells Amir how he came to be a member of the Taliban. The The Kite Runner quotes below are all either spoken by Sohrab or refer to Sohrab. 2023 Course Hero, Inc. All rights reserved. There are flashes of Assef hitting him and swallowing teeth and blood. Farid and, Amir spends the rest of the day playing a card game, panjpar, with, Amir takes a pain pill and falls asleep, and when he wakes up, asks if Andrews has any children, and Andrews says no. $24.99 for a group? Not only do the brass balls serve as a reminder of the table Amir saw in Pakistan, but they also indirectly foreshadow the ammunition Sohrab will use in his slingshot. Representing two generations, the slingshot symbolizes both childhood as well as the need to stand up for what is right. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. 20% Sohrab has been through a lot in his eleven years, he has lost his parents, been sold to Assef and abused the same way his father was, then rescued by Amir, only to be told he might have to go back to an orphanage, and he has attempted suicide. Free trial is available to new customers only. and any corresponding bookmarks? Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. Amir remembers laughing while Assef beat him, and feeling relief. You'll also receive an email with the link. They represent a particular part of Afghan society, namely the ruling powers. Sohrab is able to defeat Assef by shooting a brass ball from his slingshot into his eye, drawing a parallel to the brass knuckles Assef tried to use to threaten Amir and Hassan during their childhood Slingshot. Enough of this. TO CANCEL YOUR SUBSCRIPTION AND AVOID BEING CHARGED, YOU MUST CANCEL BEFORE THE END OF THE FREE TRIAL PERIOD. Assefs return is another horrible, ironic coincidence. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. As soon as he does, Baba returns the food stamps saying, ''I work always. Throughout the end of The Kite Runner, Sohrab acts as an extension of Hassan. Why does Rahim Khan lie about the American couple? LitCharts Teacher Editions. (24.112).Sohrab also seems to have Hassan's innate goodness. Rahim Khan mentioning Sohrab's skill with a slingshot is foreshadowing as to how Hassan gets his revenge on Assef raping him so many years ago. Amir and Farid arrive at the house where Amir will meet the Taliban official. Like Hassan, Sohrab is a whiz with a slingshot. Early sweet peppers are a great addition to any garden. Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. It seems to us that Sohrab has innate goodness.
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